Summer School in Tectonic Exhumation

Readings and course materials, updated 17 July 2007
See Summer School schedule for notes and prioritization of literature.

EXHUMATION OVERVIEW

Platt, J. P., 1993, Exhumation of high-pressure rocks: a review of concepts and processes: Terra Nova, v. 5, p. 119-133.

Ring, U., Brandon, M. T., Willett, S. D., and Lister, G. S., 1999, Exhumation processes, in Ring, U., Brandon, M. T., Lister, G. S., and Willett, S. D., eds., Exhumation processes: Normal faulting, ductile flow and erosion: London, Geological Society Special Publication 154, p. 1-27.

GEODYNAMICS (Force Balance in 2D with expression of 3D behavior; Viscous Fluid Mechanics; Mechanical-Erosional Coupling)

Kundu P. K. & Cohen, I. M., Fluid Mechanics, Academic, 3rd Edition, 2002. 730 pp. ISBN 0-12-178251-4 Chapter 4 with emphasis on p 80-87 and 96-97

Enlow, R. L. and P.O. Koons. 1998 Critical wedges in three dimensions; analytical expressions from Mohr-Coulomb constrained perturbation analysis, Journal Geophysical Research, 103, 4897-4914. Please acquaint yourself with the material up to equation 15; and take a cursory look at 3d implications.

Koons, P.O., and E. Kirby, 2007; Topography, denudation, and deformation: The role of surface processes on fault evolution; in: Tectonic Faults; Agents of change on a dynamic Earth.  Ed. Handy, M. R., Hirth, G., N., Hovius, MIT Press p 205-230.

Beaumont, C., Nguyen, M., Jamieson, R.A., and Ellis, S., 2006. Crustal flow modes in large hot orogens, in: eds, R.D. Law, M. Searle, and L. Godin, Channel Flow, Ductile Extrusion and Exhumation of Lower-mid Crust in Continental Collision Zones, Geological Soc. London Spec. Publ. 268.

Critical Wedge Theory

Dahlen F A,1990, Critical Taper Model of Fold-And-Thrust Belts and Accretionary Wedges, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 18, p 55-99.

Davis DJ, Suppe J, Dahlen FA. 1983. Mechanics of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges. J. Geophys. Res. 88:1153–72

REGIONAL EXAMPLES: STRUCTURAL AND METAMORPHIC GEOLOGY  (majority selected for relevance to a specific course topic: exhumation of UHP rocks)

Davis, P.B., and Whitney, D.L. (2006) Petrogenesis of lawsonite and epidote eclogites and blueschist, Sivrihisar Massif, Turkey. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 24, 823-849.

Federico, Laura, L. Crispini, M. Scambelluri, and G. Capponi, 2007, Ophiolite mélange zone records exhumation in a fossil subduction channel, Geology, 35 (6), p. 499-502.

Gerya, T.V., Stöckhert, B., and Perchuck, A.L. (2002) Exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks in a subduction channel: A numerical simulation. Tectonics, 21 (6), Art. No. 1056.

Teyssier, C., Ferré, E., Whitney, D.L., Norlander, B., Vanderhaeghe, O., and Parkinson, D. (2005) Flow of partially molten crust and origin of detachments during collapse of the Cordilleran orogen. In: Bruhn, D., and Burlini, L. (eds.), High-Strain Zones: Structure and Physical Properties. Geological Society of London Special Publication 245, 39-64.

Whitney, D.L. and Davis, P.B. (2006) Why is lawsonite eclogite so rare?: Metamorphism and preservation of lawsonite eclogite, Sivrihisar, Turkey. Geology, 34, 473-476.

Armstrong, R. L., 1972, Low-angle (denudation) faults, hinterland of the Sevier orogenic belt, eastern Nevada and western Utah: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, p. 1729-1754.

MacCready, T., Snoke, A. W., Wright, J. E., and Howard, K. A., 1997, Mid-crustal flow during Tertiary extension in the Ruby Mountains core complex, Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, p. 1576-1594.

Platt, J. P., Argles, T. W., Carter, A., Kelley, S. P., Whitehouse, M. J., and Lonergan, L., 2003, Exhumation of the Ronda peridotite and its crustal envelop: constraints from thermal modeling of a P-T-time array: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 160, p. 655-676.

Whitney, D. L., Teyssier, C., and Fayon, A. K., 2004, Isothermal decompression, partial melting, and exhumation of deep continental crust, in Grocott, J., McCaffrey, K.J.W., Taylor, G., and Tikoff, B., eds., Vertical coupling and decoupling in the lithosphere: London, Geological Society Special Publication 227, p. 313-326.

Mueller, K. J., and Snoke, A. W., 1993, Progressive overprinting of normal fault systems and their role in Tertiary exhumation of the East Humboldt-Wood Hills metamorphic complex, northeast Nevada: Tectonics, v. 12, p. 361-371.

THERMOCHRONOLOGY

Reiners, P.W., and Ehlers, T.A., 2005, Low-temperature thermochronology: Techniques, interpretations, and applications: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America, Geochemical Society, v. 58, 622 pp.     New book that covers the basics of thermochronology.  Available for purchase ($40)  at http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/RIM/Rim58.html.

House M.A., B.P. Wernicke, and K.A. Farley, 1998, Dating topographic uplift of the Sierra Nevada, California, using apatite (U-Th)/He ages, Nature, 396, 66-69.

Kelley, S.A., 2002, Unroofing history of the southern Front Range: A view from the Denver Basin: Rocky Mountain Geology, 37, 189-200.

Reiners, P.W. and Brandon, M.T., 2006, Using Thermochronology to Understand Orogenic Erosion, Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 34, p. 419-466.

Schildgen, T.F., Hodges, K.V., Whipple, K.X., Reiners, P.W., and Pringle, M.S., 2007, Uplift of the western margin of the Andean plateau, revealed from canyon incision history, Southern Peru, Geology, v. 35, p. 523-527.

PROVENANCE AND DETRITAL THERMOCHRONOLOGY

Bernet et al., 2001, Steady-state exhumation of the European Alps, Geology, v. 29, no. 1, p. 35–38.   Steady state exhumation (ZFT).

Carrapa B, Wijbrans J, & Bertotti G, 2003, Episodic exhumation in the Western Alps, Geology, July 2003, v. 31, no. 7, p. 601–604.

Garver et al., 1999, Exhumation history of orogenic highlands determined by detrital fission-track thermochronology, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 154, p. 283-304.   DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.154.01.13.      Lag time concept.

Garzanti et al., 2007, Orogenic Belts and Orogenic Sediment Provenance. Journal of Geology, 2007, volume 115, p. 315–334.   Overview on sandstone petrography and its application to tectonic studies.

Najman et al., 1997. Laser 40Ar/39Ar dating of single detrital muscovite grains from early foreland-basin sedimentary deposits in India: Implications for early Himalayan evolution, Geology, June 1997, v. 25, no. 6, p. 535–538.  One of the first studies to show the application of Ar/Ar to clastic sediments in order to constrain depositional age.

Rahl, Jeffrey M., Ehlers, T.A., van der Pluijm B.A., 2007, Quantifying transient erosion of orogens with detrital thermochronology from syntectonic basin deposits, Earth Plan. Sci. Lett. 256, 147-161.

Additional Thermochron references:

Bernet, Matthias and Spiegel, Cornelia, eds., 2004, Detrital Thermochronology: Provenance Analysis, Exhumation, and Landscape Evolution of Mountain Belts,  GSA Special Paper 378, 126 p.

Ehlers T.A. and K.A. Farley, 2003, Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry: methods and applications to problems in tectonic and surface processes, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 206, 1-14.

Farley K.A., R.A. Wolf, and L.T. Silver, The effects of long alpha-stopping distances on (U-Th)/He dates, Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, 60  (1996) 4223-4229.

Kelley, S.A., 2005, Low-temperature cooling histories of the Cheyenne Belt and Laramie Peak shear zone, Wyoming, and the Soda Creek-Fish Creek shear zone, Colorado, in Karlstrom, K.E, and G.R. Keller (eds.), The Rocky Mountain Region--An Evolving Lithosphere: Tectonics, Geochemistry, and Geophysics, AGU Monograph 154, p. 55-70.

Kelley, S.A. and C.E. Chapin, 2004, Denudational histories of the Front Range and Wet Mountains, Colorado, based on apatite fission-track thermochronology, in Cather, S.M., McIntosh, W., and Kelley, S.A. (eds.) Tectonics, geochronology and volcanism in the Southern Rocky Mountains and Rio Grande rift: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Bulletin 160 [Paper 3], http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/bulletins/160/home.html, p. 41-77.

Kelley, S.A., and D.D. Blackwell, 2002, Temperatures in the southern Denver basin: Rocky Mountain Geology, 37, 215-227.

R.A. Wolf, K.A. Farley, and L.T. Silver, 1996, Helium diffusion and low temperature thermochronometry of apatite, Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 4231-4240.